The accused leader of a Mexican drug trafficking cartel who authorities say once maintained close ties to Joaquín "El Chapo" Guzmán pleaded guilty in federal court Tuesday, admitting that he helped ship tons of cocaine from South America to the United States.
The plea from Alfredo Beltrán Leyva, who was captured in Mexico in 2008 and extradited two years ago, comes weeks after Guzmán, the notorious drug kingpin, was captured by Mexican authorities following a prison escape.
Though the plea resolves the case without a full-blown airing of evidence, prosecutors said in court documents that they would have been prepared to show that Beltrán Leyva sold drugs to U.S. gangs in exchange for weapons, commanded squads of hit men that tortured and murdered rivals, and paid bribes to Mexican government officials. One witness could have testified that he saw Beltrán Leyva return from a meeting in the mountains with Guzmán, wearing a tactical vest containing grenades, court filing show.
"For decades, Alfredo Beltrán Leyva helped to lead one of the world's most notorious drug cartels, causing widespread violence and disrupting lives," Attorney General Loretta Lynch said in a statement.
The Beltrán Leyva organization was led by Alfredo and his brothers as it grew to prominence as an arm of Guzmán's Sinaloa Cartel. The Beltrán Leyva group smuggled drugs and ran human trafficking operations, along with enforcement operations for the larger Sinaloa organization.
That relationship soured, according to federal prosecutors, after Alfredo Beltrán Leyva's 2008 arrest. His brothers blamed Sinaloa leaders for his arrest and the split eventually led to a bloody fight among the two groups at the same time the Sinaloa cartel was waging a war against the Juárez cartel for control of drug and human smuggling routes in northern Mexico.
The Beltrán Leyva gang started to split apart in late 2009, when one brother, Arturo, who took over for Alfredo, was shot dead by Mexican marines and another brother, Carlos, was detained two weeks later. Another brother, Héctor, was arrested in San Miguel de Allende in October.
The arrest of Alfredo Beltrán Leyva was among the early take-downs of cartel bosses by Mexican authorities in their fight against the criminal syndicates that started in the early days of former President Felipe Calderón's term.
Guzmán is currently in Mexican custody, though the government has expressed willingness to extradite him to the U.S., where he faces multiple indictments.
It was not immediately clear what Beltrán's plea means for Guzmán if and when he is brought to the United States. But his former position as a trusted ally almost certainly means he has a wealth of information about the inner workings of one of Mexico's most powerful drug cartels.
Michael Vigil, a former chief of international operations for the Drug Enforcement Administration, said at one time Beltrán Leyva handled logistics and bribery payments to public officials for the Sinaloa Cartel and he and his brothers helped the cartel expand the territory it controlled.
"He was one of the architects for the construction of the Sinaloa Cartel," Vigil said. He added that after his family's split with Guzmán and the Sinaloa Cartel, they aligned themselves with former rivals from the Juárez Cartel and eventually Los Zetas, a ruthless gang that once served as the enforcement arm for the Gulf Cartel. Those relationships may also make him a valuable witness in other pending cases.
"He can definitely provide the blue print for significantly impacting a lot of the cartels, to include Sinaloa," Vigil said.
Beltrán Leyva's cooperation likely wouldn't be necessary to win a conviction - federal prosecutors in at least six jurisdictions have secured indictments against him dating to the early 1990s and decades of evidence compiled from lower-ranking cartel associates and wire taps, among other things. But testimony from him would probably make a case "airtight," Vigil said.
If Beltrán Leyva does become a cooperating witness he could rank among the top cartel officials to turn on his rivals. But that shouldn't be a surprise to anyone, including Guzmán, said retired DEA special agent Carl Pike.
"Not to be corny, but there is no honor among thieves and even less honor among drug dealers," Pike said. "I think you will have a ton of people coming in on this."